Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation
A Research Division of Carnegie Mellon University

Hunt Institute Archives Text Discovery Platform

Search a large and growing portion of our online collections, including handwritten documents.
PROTOTYPE

This prototype uses state-of-the-art artificial intelligence, including a vision-language model (VLM) capable of reading handwritten documents as well as typed and printed text, to create searchable transcriptions of digitized materials in the Hunt Institute Archives. This makes it possible to search the textual contents of individual pages, including material that may not be described in the archival catalog.

Use Keyword search for specific words, names, dates, scientific names, or phrases. Try Semantic search (experimental) to describe a topic, question, or kind of material when you do not know the exact wording used in the documents.

About the AI-generated transcriptions

The transcriptions are generated automatically from page images and may contain errors, especially with difficult handwriting, unusual names, multiple languages, image-quality problems, or complex layouts. They are intended primarily as a discovery aid rather than authoritative transcriptions.

Each result provides the generated transcription and links to the original digitized material and associated archival description so that readings can be checked against the source. The transcription workflow uses AI models run locally by the Hunt Institute.

About Keyword and Semantic search

Keyword search is the default and matches the wording in the transcriptions. Results contain all your terms. Use quotes for an exact phrase. Substring matching is supported, so aceae can find plant-family names ending in -aceae.

Semantic search (experimental) is useful when you know what kind of material you are looking for but do not know the words used in the documents. It ranks transcribed passages by similarity of meaning, so relevant results may not contain the exact words in your query.

Semantic queries can be broad research topics, descriptions of activities or relationships, or natural-language questions. For example:

Semantic search is not a chatbot: a question is used as a search query, and the system returns archival passages that appear conceptually related to it rather than generating an answer or summary. Short descriptions and ordinary research questions generally work better than lists of disconnected keywords. Quotation marks have no special meaning in Semantic mode. Cross-language matching may work in some cases, but it should not be treated as translation.

Keyword and Semantic search are complementary. Keyword search lets you require particular wording; Semantic search can surface differently worded passages about the same subject. Depending on the research question, trying both can reveal different useful material.

Open a result: use the prominent page-and-transcription link to see the metadata, PDF, and full transcription. Keyword-search terms are highlighted in the transcription.

Archives Collections Database (ArchivesSpace): the Collection, Item/Folder, and Digital Object links open the corresponding archival records. Collection-level dates describe the collection as a whole, not necessarily the specific item or page.

If a PDF does not load: on the detail page, use the Digital Object link, click “Go to file” in ArchivesSpace, and navigate to the page number shown here.

Current limitations
  • Automated transcriptions can contain missing or incorrect text or unintended repetition. Difficult handwriting, image quality, unusual layouts, and multiple languages can reduce accuracy. Always consult the original page image when an exact reading matters.
  • Semantic search remains experimental. Its rankings are an additional discovery aid, not a complete or definitive set of relevant results, and highly ranked pages can sometimes be only broadly related.
  • This is an active prototype. Search coverage, transcriptions, functionality, and the interface may continue to change as additional archival material is processed and the system is improved.

Semantic matches for “early herbals and botanical illustrations”

Showing matches 181–200 among up to the top 200 ranked results.
Semantic results are ranked by similarity of meaning rather than exact wording, so relevant pages may use different language from your query. They are a discovery aid, not an exhaustive list of relevant pages.
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View page 99 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3457 · File: 324_Traverse_Bx3FF5_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–2001
Matched passage
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SAINT LOUIS THE HENRY SHAW SCHOOL OF BOTANY Al: Enclosed is the bibliography that goes with the manuscript "The earliest vascular plants and intermediates between them and algae" which I sent a few days ago.
View page 34 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4189 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx2FF27_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… and seed of tobacco, grown there, to Satchell. The plants we grew and the herbarium specimens were N. tabacum. As I remember it the variety involved was close to the first il- lustrations of tobacco in the herbals. It should be possible to verify the above statements if of interest to you or they may be familiar to you. Unfortunately, there is nothing in our herbarium re N. rustica. Sauer says (p. 46) that it was "grown from Chile to Quebec." I fear that for the west coast of South America aboriginal cultivation data he must have relied upon Ricardo Latcham's (cf. p. 59) amazing book on pre-Columbian agriculture …
View page 37 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4232 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx3FF72_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… Price $12.50. This is volume 16 of Chronica Botanica, which is a collection of studies in method and history of biology and agriculture under the editorship of Frans Verdoorn. The author is director of the botanical garden, University of California, Berkeley. Parts I-V deal with distribution, morphology, and cytology of species and F interspecific hybrids, and with phyletic. For part VI, on taxonomy, the author had the assistance of H. M. Wheeler and P. C. Hutchison. The distribu- tion and evolutionary development of the several species in the Americas, Antarctica, and Australia are traced and illustrated. It is …
View page 4 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1810 · File: 142_Payne_Schreiber_Vol.1_r
Collection-level dates: 21 January 1901
Matched passage
TRANSACTIONS of the BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. VOL. VI Pages. 63 - 126. ON THE "HERBARIUS" AND "HORTUS SANUTATUS." by Joseph Frank Payne, M.D., Oxon, F.R.C.P. (Harveian Librarian to the Royal College of Physicians.) Read 21 January, 1901. The object of this paper is to describe the earliest printed books in European literature devoted to the illustration of Natural History; to fix the date and order of the several works known by the names of "Herbarius" and "Hortus Sanitatis"; to show their connection with one another, and with some other works of the same class. The materials for this essay have been mainly derive …
View page 71 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4652 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx2FF13B_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
He thought that the roots were concerned with nutrition and realized that the stem was involved in food transfer, he did not understand the function of the leaf but went to great lengths to describe the diversities that leaves assume. Two main writings: De Causis Plantarum and Historia Plantarum. Hippocrates (c. 460) Lists 240 plants. Interested in the cause and effect relationships of drugs and disease. Ptolemy I (c. 367- 283) Founded the Alexandrian school. The most important aspects of this school were the cuseum, the library, the medical school where the first dissection of the human body took place for resea …
View page 79 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3926 · File: 296_Lowy_Bx2FF20_r
Collection-level dates: 1949–1990
Matched passage
… Western Hemlock;with list of trees of Oregon and Wash.55 p; Eucalypts Cultivated in the United States;105 pages; Shade Trees for North Carolina;74 pages; The Hardy Catalpa;58 pages. All the above with many illustrations Bound vol.brown buckram; Vol.1.European Mosses(Europaischen Laubmoose);598 pages;52 plates. Vol.2.European Mosses;733 pages;62 plates. Paper-covered vol.Europaischen Torfmoose;80 pages;11 plates. The above three vols.are in German,and the plates illustrate all the moss species noted. Hard-board Covered Vol.Pflanzen-Atlas nach dem Linneschen System; in German,80 fein kolorierte Tafeln mit mehr als …
View page 82 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #5009 · File: 179_Langman_Bx1FF12_r
Collection-level dates: 1919–1980
Matched passage
… ogeography (on the distribution of the plants and their ecology). It will include also works on the history of botany in Mexico, travel and descriptive works, vocabularies with names of Mexican plants, and botanical texts published in Mexico. The excerpt which follows lists travel and descriptive works, written before 1800, which include references to Mexican plants. Some are limited to the American area; others cover the entire world, as then known. Titles referring to the same period, but which are limited to Mexico, will be published, it is planned, in a later issue. Works whose primary emphasis is on natural …
View page 44 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3983 · File: 296_Lowy_Bx4FF8_r
Collection-level dates: 1949–1990
Matched passage
… her psychotomimetic plants that have left their mark in history are illuminated by succinct quotations from familiar or obscure publications, both ancient and modern. The majority of the 14 black and white illustrations (two transcendent Cocteau drawing are included) are borrowed from Emboden's well known book on narcotic plants, but of course the brilliance of the original plates has been lost. It is a minor mystery (perhaps appropriate in a book filled with witchcraft, sorcery, and magic) why the author chose to reproduce an indifferent halftone of Amanita muscaria from an early edition of Strassburger's famous …
View page 111 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1738 · File: 72_Degener_Bx12FF1C_r
Collection-level dates: 1915–1985, n.d.
Matched passage
W. S. How to know the Wild Flowers, New York, 1893. 3. Gray's Manual of Botany. 7th edition. New York, 1908. 4. Lounsberry, A. L. A Guide to the Wild Flowers, New York, 1899. 5. Peterson. How to know the Wild Fruits. New York, 1905. C. Work on Economic Botany. 1. Bailey, L. H. Cyclopedia of Horticulture, 6 vols. New York, 1914.
View page 22 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4543 · File: 116_Van%20Schaack_Bx8FF4_r
Collection-level dates: 1918–1981
Matched passage
Persistent Remaindering (Pena and de l'Obel's Adversaria, 1570-1618) By ALBERT E. LOWNES PIERRE Pena and Matthias de l'Obel's Stirpium Adver- saria Nova (London, 1570-1571) is a herbal memorable for many things, not the least of which is that it contains the first engraved representations of the true tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum) and, beside it on the plate, the first picture of a man in the act of smoking." Thus Lawrence C. Wroth an- nounced the addition of a remarkable book to the John Carter Brown Library. If space had permitted, Dr. Wroth might have pointed out some of the things that make the volume memo …
View page 129 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1265 · File: 53_Arber_Box4FF1r
Collection-level dates: 1886–1985
Matched passage
2 apothecaries in those days representing general practitioners as well as drug- ists. On the succeeding year he published a relation of his plant-hunting excursions - "simpiling voyages", as he called them - into Kent and to Hampstead Heath. This was the first printed account of such expeditions to appear in this country. On the journey into Kent, the party, which consisted of ten persons, travelled by two boats from St. Paul's to Gravesend, encountering a storm on the way. At Queenborough their journey was delayed by the Mayor, who desired the attendance of three or four of them to know the business of so large …
View page 39 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1619 · File: 72_Degener_Bx3FF38A_r
Collection-level dates: 1915–1985, n.d.
Matched passage
… barium sheet, signed and dated. For anyone to erase such a note comes close to forgery! Dr. E.D. Merrill - truly the Linnaeus of the Pacific - long in the Philippines and my former Director at the New York Botanical Garden, increased the value of the herbaria under his charge as research tools still more. He saved the valuable time of experts by "including the Library in the Herbarium." This "inclusion" needs explaining: He did not have botanical books removed from the library shelves & stuck in herbarium cases with plants. The library remained the library. But whenever the library possessed inexpensive duplicate …
View page 194 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1518 · File: 392_blunt_FF1_r
Collection-level dates: 1959–1987, n.d.
Matched passage
… to the Collection are under consideration. In the mean time there is much to be done, and I would make the following proposals: 1. That a collection of full-sized photographs of representative examples of botanical illustration of all periods and all countries should be begun. This should also include specimens of the best engraved work, so that it would be possible frequently to hold changed exhibitions such as, e.g.: 1. The incunabula herbals 2. Fuchs and Brunfels 3. Nicolas Robert and his contemporaries 4. French flower painters from Robert to Redouté 5. Ehret and his circle 6. The illustrators of the Botanic …
View page 19 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1236 · File: 53_Arber_AN5r
Collection-level dates: 1886–1985
Matched passage
"The Robert Turner was one of the Ash-wyed Herbalists" Botarologia The British Physician on The nature & Virtues of English Plants. Robert Turner. 1664 "In what Climate soever is subject to any particular disease, in the same place there grows a cure." "God hath imprinted upon the Plants, Herbs, & Flowers, as it were in Hieroglyphicks, the very signature of their virtues; as the learned Grollius doth well observe; as, the Nutmeg being cut, resembles the brain." The plants are alphabetically arranged; no woodcut Ground Ivy = Hay-hoe a gill-so-by-ground Devil's Bit. "The root is black, thick, hard, o'short, into ma …
View page 49 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3983 · File: 296_Lowy_Bx4FF8_r
Collection-level dates: 1949–1990
Matched passage
… her psychotomimetic plants that have left their mark in history are illuminated by succinct quotations from familiar or obscure publications, both ancient and modern. The majority of the 14 black and white illustrations (two transcendent Cocteau drawing are included) are borrowed from Emboden's well known book on narcotic plants, but of course the brilliance of the original plates has been lost. It is a minor mystery (perhaps appropriate in a book filled with witchcraft, sorcery, and magic) why the author chose to reproduce an indifferent halftone of Amanita muscaria from an early edition of Strassburger's famous …
View page 156 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4532 · File: 116_Van%20Schaack_Bx6FF20_r
Collection-level dates: 1918–1981
Matched passage
Its illustrations are highly stylized, are presumably more of Mediterranean than of Central European plants.... What is true, are they all German plants or Mediterranean plants? I am inclined to believe you and Payne, but you must admit it is confusing. Furthermore, our copy has no colored illustrations, has no title page and has this peculiar binding (I believe you said it was dog's leather). Please let me know what you know about our copy and how we acquired it (I know it is in the Sturtevant catalogue). I am enclosing a xerox copy of two pages of Kleeb's A catalogue of early Herbals; mostly from the well-known …
View page 4 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4569 · File: 116_Van%20Schaack_Bx8FF31_r
Collection-level dates: 1918–1981
Matched passage
… some changes, many of them important for present day work. The depth of the Garden's library collections in this particular respect is typical, especially for the fields of plant taxonomy and distribution, botanical history, and botanical illustration. The single original dissertation lacking from the Garden's collection is Anthropomorpha (animals of manlike form), in which Christian E. Hoppius of St. Petersburg, presented the history of the Simia genus (apes). Pretty certainly Linnaeus stuck his neck out further than in any other of his publications, as he instructed his student to recognize four species: Pygmae …
View page 23 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3900 · File: 296_Lowy_Bx1FF28_r
Collection-level dates: 1949–1990
Matched passage
mencione ambos nombres; si son más de dos, mencione el primero seguido de et al. Ejemplos: M. H. Flores 0. 9484, M. H. Flores 0. J. Valdés 4876, M. H. Flores 0. et al. 8483. 14) Herbarios. Las abreviaturas de los nombres de los herbarios deberán tomarse de Index Herbariorum. Si existen duplicados en varios herbarios, arregle los nombres de los herbarios en orden alfabético después del nombre del colector y su número. Ejemplo: C. G. Pringle 4367 (CAS, ENCB, F, MEXU!, NY, US). Deberá utilizarse el signo ! para indicar que el ejemplar fue examinado. 15) Figuras y pies de figura. Al preparar figuras (dibujos e ilustr …
View page 31 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4183 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF21_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… to pay for the prints sent here. If the print shows the habit and habitat of the plant it is adequate for the purpose mentioned. Remember they are for a herbarium-botanist and not for an art-exhibit. It is botanical utility and not photographic excellence which should decide whether they should be used or not. Dr. Goodspeed made some grand photos of the fresh flowers of Calceolaria (at Berkeley). Please try to continue the photographing of fresh flowers in the cultures at Berkeley. Particularly Calceolaria, and the bulbous monocots. I am a hundred percent for all possible photographs. You ask regarding that so-ca …
View page 96 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1242 · File: 53_Arber_AN9ar
Collection-level dates: 1886–1985
Matched passage
… Lacuna. The text is not a translation of Fuchs through, but took Fuchs as a model for the order of description each frame includes the localities + times of flowering of the least countries, things which clearly were not taken from Fuchs. Fuchs used the alphabetical arrangement. Dodens arranged his plans according to their uses - properties + then according to their forms + apparatus. Dodens final masterpiece "Stephanus historiae plantarum sex 1583, - the very much larger from an original figure done under Dodens eye - some are borrowed from Chrysosolida, because Plantijn who published the works + other true bota …
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