Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation
A Research Division of Carnegie Mellon University

Hunt Institute Archives Text Discovery Platform

Search a large and growing portion of our online collections, including handwritten documents.
PROTOTYPE

This prototype uses state-of-the-art artificial intelligence, including a vision-language model (VLM) capable of reading handwritten documents as well as typed and printed text, to create searchable transcriptions of digitized materials in the Hunt Institute Archives. This makes it possible to search the textual contents of individual pages, including material that may not be described in the archival catalog.

Use Keyword search for specific words, names, dates, scientific names, or phrases. Try Semantic search (experimental) to describe a topic, question, or kind of material when you do not know the exact wording used in the documents.

About the AI-generated transcriptions

The transcriptions are generated automatically from page images and may contain errors, especially with difficult handwriting, unusual names, multiple languages, image-quality problems, or complex layouts. They are intended primarily as a discovery aid rather than authoritative transcriptions.

Each result provides the generated transcription and links to the original digitized material and associated archival description so that readings can be checked against the source. The transcription workflow uses AI models run locally by the Hunt Institute.

About Keyword and Semantic search

Keyword search is the default and matches the wording in the transcriptions. Results contain all your terms. Use quotes for an exact phrase. Substring matching is supported, so aceae can find plant-family names ending in -aceae.

Semantic search (experimental) is useful when you know what kind of material you are looking for but do not know the words used in the documents. It ranks transcribed passages by similarity of meaning, so relevant results may not contain the exact words in your query.

Semantic queries can be broad research topics, descriptions of activities or relationships, or natural-language questions. For example:

Semantic search is not a chatbot: a question is used as a search query, and the system returns archival passages that appear conceptually related to it rather than generating an answer or summary. Short descriptions and ordinary research questions generally work better than lists of disconnected keywords. Quotation marks have no special meaning in Semantic mode. Cross-language matching may work in some cases, but it should not be treated as translation.

Keyword and Semantic search are complementary. Keyword search lets you require particular wording; Semantic search can surface differently worded passages about the same subject. Depending on the research question, trying both can reveal different useful material.

Open a result: use the prominent page-and-transcription link to see the metadata, PDF, and full transcription. Keyword-search terms are highlighted in the transcription.

Archives Collections Database (ArchivesSpace): the Collection, Item/Folder, and Digital Object links open the corresponding archival records. Collection-level dates describe the collection as a whole, not necessarily the specific item or page.

If a PDF does not load: on the detail page, use the Digital Object link, click “Go to file” in ArchivesSpace, and navigate to the page number shown here.

Current limitations
  • Automated transcriptions can contain missing or incorrect text or unintended repetition. Difficult handwriting, image quality, unusual layouts, and multiple languages can reduce accuracy. Always consult the original page image when an exact reading matters.
  • Semantic search remains experimental. Its rankings are an additional discovery aid, not a complete or definitive set of relevant results, and highly ranked pages can sometimes be only broadly related.
  • This is an active prototype. Search coverage, transcriptions, functionality, and the interface may continue to change as additional archival material is processed and the system is improved.

Semantic matches for “chromosomes and plant classification”

Showing matches 21–40 among up to the top 200 ranked results.
Semantic results are ranked by similarity of meaning rather than exact wording, so relevant pages may use different language from your query. They are a discovery aid, not an exhaustive list of relevant pages.
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View page 57 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4666 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx2FF27_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
not these precise numbers aid you in the classification or not is a question of how you use it and how you put it together, you see. (Craig) What are we aiming at in the end with chemotaxonomy and cytotaxonomy? (Dave) More information about the plant. (Craig) We are always looking for more information, but why, why are we looking for it? This is my , I'm not getting my point across to you. To me the end product if we could get it, you can't get it perfectly, but if we could get it would be an understanding of how life evolved, plants evolved and the relationships that developed along the way. (Bob) Don't you want …
View page 55 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4926 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx9FF8_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
suggest that the investigator describe the cultivar on the basis of as many of the characters given in Table 1 as are available. Having described the plant with the characters given, proceed to Fig. 3, which gives the major categories. Following discovery of the major subdivision to which a cultivar belongs (i.e., rough-rooted, obovate lobed leaves), one then recognizes that the unknown plant belongs to one of twelve groups (Fig. 3). Within the groups
View page 14 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4644 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx2FF6_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
Engler's System of Angiosperms Arrangement according to Engler & Diels--Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, 11th edition, Berlin, 1936. (Suborders bracketed.) Numbering according to arrangement used in 5th edition of Syllabus, 1907. These numbers correspond to those used in Engler--Pflanzenreich, and those used in Dalla Torre & Harms--Genera Siphonogenum, Leipzig, 1900-1907. (Parenthetical numbers indicate segregate families established since 5th edition of Syllabus.) Asterisks indicate families which have been radically changed in systematic position (or which include genera which have been radically changed in syste …
View page 42 and transcription
Item/Folder: "Yugoslavia"
Digital Object: DO #963 · File: 319_Love_Bx1FF8r
Collection-level dates: 1950–1987
Matched passage
26. SUNIK, F. 1962; Stevilo hromosomov nekaterih nasih rastlinskih taxonov. I. - Biol. Vestnik 10: 7 - 9. SUNIK, F. 1967; Kromosomska stevilka rastlinskih taksonov. II. - Biol. Vestnik 15: 65 - 66. TOMBA, P. 1968: Orophytes alpines et subalpines (Monocotyledones). - Inf. ann. Caryosyst. et Cytogenet. 2: 9 - 12. TUTIN, T. G. et alii 1964: Flora Europaea. Volume 1. Lycopodiaceae to Platanaceae. - Cambridge. TUTIN, T. G. & alii 1968: Flora Europaea. Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. - Cambridge. VORTEC, (?) 1937: (Degenie) WANSCHER, J. H. 1952: Studies on the chromosome numbers of the Umbelliferae. II. Bot. Tidssk …
View page 147 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4708 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx3FF31_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
1. Rosoideae (x = 7) * Acacena * Acomastylis A Agrimonia * Argentina Aruncus (& x = 9) Bencomia Coluria * Comarum Dendropoterium * Drymocallis * Duchesnea * Filipendula (& x = 8,9) * S Fragaria * S Geum Hesperhodos Hulthemia Marcetella S Neviusia (& x = 9) Novosieversia * Pentaphylloides Platyrhodon *AS Potentilla Poterium Pygeum * S Rosa *AS Rubus * Sanguisorba * Sieversia * Waldsteinia 2. Prunoideae (x = 3) @*AS Alchemilla (Rosoideae) Amygdalus Aphanus Armeniaca * Cerasus @ Exochorda (Spiraeoideae) * Lachemilla Maddenia Padus Persica Prunsepia * S Prunus Osmaronia (& x = 6) 3. Spiraeoideae (x = 9) Aruncus (& x …
View page 107 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3776 · File: AD312_r
Collection-level dates: 1724–1848
Matched passage
… le contient 12 genres, dont 7 seulement lui conviennent, savoir la Camara, amomum, Coccifera, menziesii, alpinia, Curcuma et Kampanaria. 2: M. Linné a écarté de ce principe en mettant dans cette classe des plantes qui ont plus de 1 étamine. Leucippe appartiendrait à cette classe avant 2 ou 3, la Salicornia aussi. Le cocoriphe n'est qu'une plante des fleurs qui ont 1 étamine tous les deux, avant 2 ou 3. 2a: Elle a 2 défauts de la 1re Classe Diandres. 1: Nul n'a que les 7 genres, l'asparagus, l'agrostemma, le gaultheria, Veronica, Salvia, Salvia rosmarinus, Veronica montana. L'aspalathus appartient à la 14e classe, …
View page 90 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #962 · File: 319_Love_Bx1FF7r
Collection-level dates: 1950–1987
Matched passage
… and as such it is accepted by... in the Flora SSSR. It has, however, an older name at the species level, since it was described as Golu japonica by Chevallier (1902). The chromosome number of the European plant has been determined by Hapgood (1941), Lise (1954), and Hildreth (1955), who all determined the value 2n=48 in different Siberian Populations. The value for the Pacific plant remains unknown, whereas the present writers have counted 2n=96 chromosomes in material from the Bering Peninsula and from the Lancashire mountains. The population from the Japanese locality belongs to the var. sublyrata, whereas the …
View page 18 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1257 · File: 53_Arber_AN22r
Collection-level dates: 1886–1985
Matched passage
new ready Dec 1943 bef Jan 1944 130 B Camerarius R.T. Ueber das Geschlecht der Pflanzen (De sexu plantarum epistola) 1654. Uebersetzung von M. Miibius II,27,105 Leipzig 1855 p.1. "Corus" almost times means 3 things 1. The corus plant a flower, 2. the anthos, 3. the space, 4. the crown flower. By the bundle, 5 styles, stamens for the middle, 6. crown flower. p.2. Prostanthera flowers may have stamens within petals p.3. Thus the myrtaceous flowers. Myrtaceae ask to classify others in their genus, Arctotis seem to be are to true flowers, 7. the rose. (He evidently does not call the caryed fan V. of flower.) p.3. Ver …
View page 145 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4708 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx3FF31_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
Arnold. Arbor. 12:2-22. Summary of chromosome numbers in Rosaceae; discussion of cytology, especially as regards Pomoideae, in which x = 17. Consideration of reproduction in family leads to hypothesis about evolution of subfamilies. (1933). The origin of the Pomoideae. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 30:147-150. Summary of Sax (1931); no data presented. Sorokina, T.P. (1974). Morfologicheskoye i tsitologicheskoye izucheniye potomstva F1 ot skreshchivaniya mezhdu razlichnymy vidami Potentilla. In Petrov, D.F., ed., Apomikticheskoye Razmnozheniye i Geterozis. "Nauka", Novosibirsk, pp. 155-161. Morphological and cytolog …
View page 29 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4644 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx2FF6_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
ORDERS OF ANGIOSPERMS ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF RICHARD VON WETTSTEIN I. Class. Dicotyledones 1. Subclass. Choripetalae A. Monochlamydeae 1. Order. Verticillatae 1. Fam. Casuarinaceae 2. Fagales 2. Betulaceae 3. Fagaceae 3. Myricales 4. Myricaceae 4. Leitneriales 5. Leitneriaceae 5. Juglandales 6. Julianiaceae 7. Juglandaceae 6. Garryales 8. Garryaceae 7. Salicales 9. Salicaceae 8. Batidales 10. Batidaceae 9. Balanopsidales 11. Balanopsidaceae 10. Urticales 12. Moraceae 13. Cannabaceae 14. Ulmaceae 15. Eucommiaceae 16. Rhoiptelataceae 17. Urticaceae 11. Piperales 18. Piperaceae 19. Sanuraceae 20. Chloranthaceae …
View page 233 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4924 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx9FF6_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
Dr. Jose de Js. Jimenez - 2 - May 9, 1966 is a good example of a genus of plants that has never been well classified. We are attempting to use computers to aid us in the formation of a classification which can be useful to taxonomists. In Manihot, the species M. esculenta is one which is very difficult to classify because of its wide cultivation, and extreme variability. We hope the computer will aid us in making a good classification of this cultivated species. This is the sense of the terms "quantitative taxonomy." It merely is a set of words for which many synonyms exist. I trust that this description is meani …
View page 65 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #962 · File: 319_Love_Bx1FF7r
Collection-level dates: 1950–1987
Matched passage
… cultivated wheats are the most conspicuous example of this evolution of polyploidy. It is the only known mechanism by which new true-breeding species can be created almost overnight. Since different wild grasses have been involved in wheat's evolution, the species differ not only in the number but also in the nature of their chromosomes. Relationships of different sets of chromosomes are determined by studying the degree of chromosome pairing in the reproductive cells of hybrids. If the pairing is complete, or almost so, the chromosome sets (or genomes) of the parents are regarded as identical or closely related.
View page 60 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4170 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF8_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… OF CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CITRUS EXPERIMENT STATION DIVISION OF ORCHARD MANAGEMENT RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA February 8, 1950 Dr. T. H. Goodspeed, Division of Botany Plant Science Building University of California Berkeley, California. Dear Goodspeed: Gradually during the past few years I have been accumulating a collection of species of Ficus. Root tips have been secured from the potted plants and I now have slides showing chromosome numbers for 49 or 50 species not yet reported on. I hope to get some photographs of chromosome complements of a few of these species some tim …
View page 23 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4960 · File: 183_Cook_Bx1FF4_r
Collection-level dates: 1912–1929
Matched passage
Cotton (Gossypium. (Generic Char.) So. Pacific Ry., 10-9-16. p.235 Although the linnaean sexual system of classification of plants is no longer followed or taught, it still governs very largely the methods and standpoints of systematic work. Nobody questions the fact that floral characters are of very great significance as indicating the relationship of plants, there is increasing recognition of the fact that the significance of floral differences is not the same in the different groups of plants. Some families show great similarity in the forms of flowers, and others great diversity. There is more and more of a …
View page 217 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4666 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx2FF27_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
page 5 where within a limited locality such as southern Greece, people made classifications and their classifications would be on life form essentially to start with. That is, some of the earlier classifications divide plants on the basis of trees, shrubs, and herbs. And for that particular locality, such a classification would have some sort of merit. In other words, you could put a plant into some package or other. If you moved from that particular area, as frequently as people might have, and tried to use the same sort of classification, we might discover that we had some discontinuities that would fit into su …
View page 17 and transcription
Item/Folder: "Yugoslavia"
Digital Object: DO #963 · File: 319_Love_Bx1FF8r
Collection-level dates: 1950–1987
Matched passage
Chromosome numbers of Yugoslavian plants. I. by Åskell Löve and Franc Sušnik, Department of Environmental, Population and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80302, U.S.A., and Institute of Biology, University of Ljubljana, YU-61001 Ljubljana, Yugoslavia. Abstract. Chromosome counts are given for Yugoslavian material of the following 25 taxa, with some remarks on their taxonomy and distribution: Crocus malyi Vis. (2n = 30); Iris macedonica Horvat (2n = 48); Colchicum arenarium W. & K. (2n = 54); Colchicum hungericum Janka (2n = 52); Colchicum doerfleri Halacsy (2n = 54); Colchicum visian …
View page 56 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4926 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx9FF8_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
… . In addition to the above methods of group assignment, the investigator will be aided by examination of the data given in Tables 2 and 3. These tables relate the stem colors to the root colors. Generally, plants with brown, dark brown, or reddish-brown stems are rough-rooted, and plants with light brown, tan or light tan stems have smooth-surfaced roots. Those plants whose stem color vary from these states are indicated in Tables 2 and 3, so that these can be assigned to the major categories given in Fig. 3. Since the objectives of this classification are to show relationships that might be useful for plant bree …
View page 5 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1159 · File: 27_Morrison_Bx7FF3r
Collection-level dates: 1915–1965, n.d.
Matched passage
From Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Société de Biologie. Tome XCIX, No.38, 4 Janvier 1929 p 1928-1931 Contribution à l'étude des chromosomes chez le genre Iris. Note de Marc Simonet, présentée par A. Guilliermond. Dans une précédente note, (1), nous avons fait connaître le résultat de nos premières recherches sur la numération des chromosomes dans le genre Iris. Poursuivant nos observations , nous avons pu faire de nouvelles observations chez quelques Iris ne paraissant pas avoir encore été étudiés. La plupart de ces plantes proviennent des importantes collections du service expérimental des Etablissements Vilm …
View page 130 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #962 · File: 319_Love_Bx1FF7r
Collection-level dates: 1950–1987
Matched passage
we understand its place in evolution, emphasis ought to be made to define all species and their lower units exactly and biologically, by aid of intrinsic characteristics. For this, chromosome studies and other cytotaxonomical methods are important. In vascular arctic plants and mosses such studies have already given considerable, though still incomplete results. The cytology of lower plants and of animals of the arctic lands is, however, very little known. Arctic and alpine regions
View page 4 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3794 · File: AD334_r
Collection-level dates: 1724–1848
Matched passage
Nous commissaires nommés par l'Académie avons lu et examiné un Mémoire de M.... de Jussieu intitulé "Examen de la famille du Renouée". Dans ce mémoire m.... de Jussieu ayant comparé les rapports des plantes avec les affinités chimiques, malgré la très différence qu'il y a entre ces 2 choses, prend la Botanique d'origine. D'abord il examine comment les Botanistes s'y sont mis pour classer les plantes; il remarque que les uns préfèrent le fruit, les autres la fleur, Saint-Lacoste, c'est-à-dire, les Étamens peuvent tirer leurs caractères, les autres font pour classiques, en on fait des systèmes où des espèces de not …
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