Hunt Institute Archives Text Discovery Platform

… ng used to a certain extent. It is outstanding in resistance to footrot and cold, and in production of vigorous, high-yielding trees if the scions are free from exocortis virus. It merits testing widely in tropical America, although its cold-hardiness is of value only in the subtropics. Propagation In commercial nurseries, citrus trees are almost always propagated by budding(bud-grafting), the common shield- or T-bud, generally being used. Grafting (scion-grafting) is successful but much slower and more troublesome to perform and is used only in topworking old trees. Even in such cases, it is usually best to cut …

… y; it is not rare to find root suckers appearing 20 or 30 feet away from the kaki tree which was grafted on a rootstock of this species. Trees may be shield budded like citrus, or cleft grafted. For shield budding, stocks should be about half an inch in diameter and buds somewhat more than an inch in length. When cleft grafted, it should be remembered that in the tropics generally it has been found that scions should not be too long; they should not protrude more than a couple of inches - one or two nodes - above the graft. So few kakis have been planted in tropical America that cultural data based on experience …

Propagation Cultivated varieties are usually monoembryonic and their seedlings are very variable, so that vegetative methods of propagation must be used. Marocotage has been used occasionally, with a success differing with variety, but budding or grafting are the commonly used methods of multiplication. Any vigorous seedling is satisfactory as a stock. The heek should be removed before the seed is planted, as this permits discarding diseased or insect-infested seeds as well as expediting germination. Seeds remain viable only a few weeks, hence they should be planted promptly after removal from the fruit. It is we …

… y; it is not rare to find root suckers appearing 20 or 30 feet away from the kaki tree which was grafted on a rootstock of this species. Trees may be shield budded like citrus, or cleft grafted. For shield budding, stocks should be about half an inch in diameter and buds somewhat more than an inch in length. When cleft grafted, it should be remembered that in the tropics generally it has been found that scions should not be too long; they should not protrude more than a couple of inches - one or two nodes - above the graft. So few kakis have been planted in tropical America/ that cultural data based on experience …

fruits, but have seeds Triumph Walters 2 pivotal bars of grapefruit Has about 500 young grapefruit trees 9-10 yr old 4-5 ft high, trunks about 1 in. in diameter. Trees sometimes produce 10 boxes grapefruit on Geo. Roberts Santa Rosalia Wants budwood of Guatemalan avocados from Miami. Has nursery of avocados Buds happy if a few pollen, aged only young branches, oh have started into growth. Tropic tree at 1/3 old about 3 ft tall and very compact and bushy and growth at Los Indios 84" canopy around Abyago 20-40. Miracle no good to Chile mangosteens. Key West grape Carambole Jack Fruit Amini Burbultea E Cononoe

ever hear of their being raised in a temperate climate? She starts them in a pot inside as I understood. I'll try to find out more about how she does it. The one I tried was good. I have 150 or so seedlings of Citrus trifoliata but wonder if they would flower & fruit as a potted plants if they were budded or grafted to get around the juvenile stage. Have you ever known about this? Do you have any fruit garden? I remember visiting a planting at the home of a Grace line man at Antigua. Sincerely George

… n we get those lads to understand that they must have more air and less water in their soils. We are flying up to California this week, before we settle down here to write a Manual Práctico de Fruticultura Tropical for Salvat Editores of Barcelona. No more books on tropical fruits in English for me, you boys know so much more than I now do that I wouldn't dare step out; but I think a practical book for Latin America may be worth while so I am going to tackle it. It will cost me money; the pictures and the typing and even the paper will outweigh the price they are going to pay me per printed page, but that doesn't …

that of the fruits. Aside from a more or less conscious process of selection, to which is probably due the improvement of one of the native fruits, horticulture in our understanding of the tree, is almost unknown. Even questioning of a number of intelligent Indians who obtain considerable numbers of fruit trees failed to bring out any detailed cultural conditions. In regard to the avocado, it does not appear that Mr. De la Cruz till the soil around the tree, apply fertilizers from the tree, or select any care upon it whatsoever. Ideas regarding the age at which seedling trees come into bearing are nearly always v …

… ful selection of scions for proper maturity are important to the success of the operation. The choice between using terminal scions or lateral buds depends chiefly on the abundance of graftwood. The use of budding methods allows a greater number of trees to be produced when economy of graftwood is a factor. This is usually the case when the increase of a new variety is first attempted. Also, the particular technique with which the propagator is most proficient influences the choice of methods. Many prefer the terminal scion because springing is more rapid. Others use the budding method entirely because the scion …

flower buds for the following year and to provide leaf area sufficient to produce a good crop of fruits. Pruning is not practiced with mangoes except to remove dead or injured branches, and sometimes to head back abnormally long leaders on young trees. Irrigation is especially important when the crop is setting in spring and during the latter half of fruit development when size increases rapidly if water is not limiting. The tree endures drought well on deep soils. During the first year after planting, before roots have gone deep, frequent watering will be needed if rainfall is sparse. Weed control may also follo …

every particular and would almost seem to fulfill the common requirements as we understand them at the present time. In tropical America the ahuacate is not placed in the same category as other fruits, but is considered as a staple food product of equal importance with rice and beans as a part of the daily diet. Laborers going into the fields carry with them one or two ahuacates as a substantial part of their noonday meal. Americans going to the tropics become familiar with this fruit, almost inevitably learning to relish it as one of the most delicious and satisfying of tropical products, and at the same time on …

fruit in this area, and what fertilizer and technique you would suggest to force them in the growing season we have before the freezes. I do not have in mind any commercial venture; it would be simply be for decorative purposes plus whatever fruit they might produce. If you think there is a variety which we might do well in bringing here, I feel sure that I could get it admitted, with the assistance of my friend, Dr. J. Norman Efferson, Dean of the Agricultural School at Louisiana State University. Should you and Mrs. Popenoe ever be in this area, please do not hesitate to call on us, as you will be most welcome. …

Commercial fruit culture has not progressed, in most tropical American republics, as rapidly as has the production of such staple crops as cane sugar and coffee. There are many reasons for this, some of them being a stronger demand in world markets, and the perishable nature of most fruits. Of course there are exceptions, perhaps the most notable of which are the banana and the pineapple. It is worthy of note that in both cases, commercial varieties are easily propagated by vegetative means. This led to the development of superior varieties, almost in prehistoric times, and it facilitated the rapid expansion of c …

tedious and relatively expensive. In Florida better methods have developed and are used commercially. Chief among these are grafting and chip-budding, xxxx Trees of the Philippine race xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxx almost always produce fruit exactly like that of the parent tree, and for this reason are extensively grown in Mexico. This race is polyembryonic, which means that trees usually do not develop from xxxxx fertilized ovules but from what are known as nucellar buds arising from xxxxxxx vegetative tissues surrounding the egg cell, hence they are xxxxxxx in most respects similar to grafted plants. Most of the East …

-16- is cut off several inches above the graft. In about one year's time the graft is ready to be transplanted to its permanent place in the field. It may be mentioned here that the art of grafting is something which can be learned by experience much better than by written description. During the past year, several young Guatemalan agriculturists have been trained by Jorge M. Benitez to do this work and have been practicing it very successfully. Those who desire to learn the art will probably save time and disappointment by spending a few weeks working with an experienced man, rather than attempting to master the …

Budding of the Mango Told by One Who Has Had Much Experience By P. J. WEBSTER, in Miami Metropolis. SHIELD-BUDDING of the mango has been successfully done in Florida for at least six years, experiments in the propagation of this fruit. The writer first experimented with this method with some success in 1904. The percentage of successful buds was, however, so low that he did not then feel justified in calling this method to the attention of the public and the experimental work was temporarily suspended. More recent experimentation has been confirmed by a few men interested in the problem, in some instances meeting …

in origin, the cherimoya does not attain perfection in the tropical lowlands. Its culture is limited to elevations of 3,000 to 7,500 ft. in the tropics, and to mid-wintered subtropical regions. Its climatic requirements are, in fact, quite specialized; it will grow satisfactorily in many re- gions, but in some of these, little fruit will be produced and may be of unsatisfactory quality. Successful efforts to increase produc- tion have been made in California and elsewhere by hand pollina- ting the flowers. Propagation is commonly by means of seeds, but the cherimoya lends itself readily to grafting, and superior …

an inch or so long. At the time of budding the top of the stock should be lopped a foot or so above the bud. When the bud sprout is six inches or more in length the old stock should be cut off cleanly and as close to the bud as possible. Avocados may also be propagated by whip, saddle or cleft grafting, and the latter method is now being used with considerable success on seedling sprouts while still quite tender and only of pencil size. Seeds can thus be germinated in a bed and bench grafted, then placed in boxes in which they are to be grown until set in permanent place. Covering the graft union with melted para …

23 of grafting. Chip budding, which amounts to veneer grafting with a shield bud on very young rootstocks, was considered promising at one time. Other techniques have been developed in Florida, the West Indies and elsewhere. The veneer graft has largely superseded all these because it has given such excellent results in tropical America that it is the only one which will be recommended here. Its advantages are: (1) It has been more uniformly successful than other grafts, and (2) In case of a failure, the rootstock can be re-grafted, which is not the case with the crown-graft or certain others are employed. The pr …

characters, except size, are identical in the two forms. Both are eaten out of hand principally. Propagation is commonly by seeds, which germinate in 2 weeks and only retain viability for a month or so. Superior seedlings may easily be grafted on seedling stocks using whip- or veneer-grafting. Buds unite easily but are difficult to start into growth. Seedling trees take 7 or 8 years to bear, whereas grafted trees should bear in 3 or 4 years. As a highland tree, the white-sapote thrives in the tropics only at elevations of 3000 to 6000 ft., although in the subtropics it grows well at sea level. The tree tolerates …