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believe that this is a type of guava? Other comments about guava - you describe techniques of grafting this plant. I don't question that it can be grafted, but it is difficult and serves no practical purpose. Any possible gain from grafting will be lost by the necessity of continuous suckering. It is easy to make air layers, so why graft? I have never seen an orchard of grafted guavas anywhere, have you? I don't think anyone who knows the crop would try it. Yours Truly, John P.S. send more chapters.

… t them from salt injury. Rainfall ranging from 30 to as much as 120 inches has proved satisfactory. While growth and production are best on well-drained soils, long periods of standing water are tolerated. Propagation Usually sapodilla trees are grown from seeds, which, if fresh, germinate in about 30 days. They can be stored for several months without losing viability. Some seedlings produce larger fruits or bear heavier crops than others, and these can be multiplied by vegetative propagation. The ponderosa variety in the Philippines and the Russell in Florida have very large fruits, while the Prolific variety o …

and propagated in Hawaii, and these are being tested in California and Florida. Selection was made for yield primarily, but also for nuts of fairly large average size and thinner than average shells. Clonal varieties are being grown in Australia, also. Grafted trees of the best adapted varieties usually have yields 3 to 5 times the average as many Propagation may be done by either side-for veneer-grafting on seedling stocks. Seeds should be less than 4 months old for good viability. It is best to plant them

… sevelt, San Salvador 11 July 1957 Mr R M Beasley Zamorano. Dear Bob: We are getting into our stride here, Chico de Sola y su servidor, and beginning to think about useful activities. In connection with the fruit improvement program, we must build up in this country sources of supply for budwood or other grafting material of the best fruit varieties. It is too late to do anything more about avocados this year, as the nursery at Zamorano is cleaned out - it was when I left. But I do not think the mangos have gone yet, because most of the grafts were coming along at a pace which would make them ready for transplanti …

… d that you obtain new propaga- ting material from California and Florida where you are certain to get the varieties under their correct names. Based on experience I cannot feel so confident of material which comes from the West Indies or even perhaps from Colombia. I dislike to say this, but the small extent to which grafted varieties of tropical fruits have been grown in these countries, in comparison with extensive propagation of aguacates in California and Florida, and the many mangos grown in Florida, make it obvious that nurserymen in those regions must exercise care to avoid selling trees under wrong names.

… e the trees are ready to be transferred to permanent locations in the field. Fortunately, Cinchona seedlings, if properly grown and "hardened off", transplant very readily, even when moved with bare roots. Grafting. The technique at present employed in Guatemala is that which has been developed by Jorge M. Benitez, Plant Propagator of Experimental Plantations Inc. at Finca El Naranjo, Chicacao - principal base of experimental Cinchona cultivation in this republic. It differs slightly from standard practice in Java if one can judge by published descriptions of the latter. The essentials of grafting seem to be thes …

… re added it might have ample fertility to make good potting soil, and I rather like the fact that it is calcareous in origin. In horticulture it is pretty hard to beat soils which contains a good deal of lime. I am very favourably impressed by the grafting being done by Martin and his assistant. They are getting good results with mangos especially, and it is noteworthy that mangos are more difficult to graft than any other fruit trees. When seedlings for grafting are grown under half-shade -and this applies to citrus, mangos, aguacates and others- I believe excellent results will be obtained. It is easier to pro-

… MI P.O. BOX 1015 SOUTH MIAMI 43, FLORIDA EXPERIMENTAL FARM DIVISION OF RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY July 11th, 1957 Dr. Wilson Popenc Avenida Roosevelt No. 21, San Salvador, El Salvador C. A. Dear Dr. Popenc: The budding method they are using is Chip-budding, but the particular type they are using is for a little more mature seedling which would have a stem that has developed a defined woody cylinder and cambium. It would be in a "green" stage rather than "purple" or succulent. They can then use either of several methods-- shield budding, ship budding or the side veneer. Now, the difference in technique of budding or gr …

… Some good buds have been obtained from last year's nursery but not enough, but anyway, the students have been able to get at least 50% take. I am convinced that there is no better method than "wienie" for grafting avocados. On mango, the students have come out very well with about 90% exit and we split about that much on mangos which we have already grafted about one thousand mostly Hodens. The mango scions were prepared on the tuer (defoliated) two weeks ahead. Well Doctor Pophouse, that's some of the information I had for you, but I don't want to take more of your time. So, I wish you have the best time while …

Observations on commercial grafting and layering in fruit trees at the New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y., August 6, 1942, by Dr. John R. Shuman Dr. H. B. Tukey, Chief in research and professor of pomology, Cornell, 1927-, is in charge of production and evaluation of the present and new introductions of horticultural fruit trees including the pear, quince, cherry, peach, etc. The station is maintained for the purpose of giving assistance to the commercial fruit growers of New York State. After presenting the problems of obtaining improved strains of Cinchona and the methods of plant propagati …

14. tropical climates do not seem so favorable as those of the very warm subtropics. Thus in southern India the common purple form fruits much better above than below 2,000 ft., and in Hawaii is successful only above 1000 feet. The yellow form thrives at low elevations in Hawaii and El Salvador, but little is known of its behavior elsewhere. The only important soil requirement, other than low salinity is good drainage. Seeds are commonly used for propagation, although cuttings can be rooted. Seedlings are almost always able to cross-pollinate each other, while the prevailing self-incompatibility in this species m …

… hed in the same regions as apples, most probably at the same time. The plums of Europe did not succeed; it remained for the Japanese plums, which arrived in California about 1870 and were carried thence to tropical America some years later, to save the situation. Apricots and cherries have not proved wholly satisfactory in the strictly tropical parts of America. Another job for the plant breeders! After those early introductions it seems probable that very little new material was brought across the Atlantic for a couple of centuries or even more. Transportation of grafted trees on sailing vessels wax difficult. I …

Furthermore, it takes a minimum of 4 years for a seedling to mature a fruit. Hence vegetative propagation is used exclusively, resulting in plants true to type and maturing fruit in 2 years or less. Three types of propagating material are commonly used--slips, suckers, and crowns; it is also possible to use sections of the plant stem. Slips are branches of the inflorescence, arising either just below the fruit (basal slips) or just above it (crown slips). In Hawaii, slips are also found sometimes half way up the fruit stalk (hapas). All slips are considered to be aborted fruits, represented by the bulbous base, a …

… om salt injury. Rainfall ranging from 30 per year to as much as 120 inches has proved satisfactory. While growth and production are best on well-drained soils, long periods of standing water are tolerated. Propagation Usually sapodilla trees are grown from seeds, which, if fresh, germinate in about 30 days. They can be stored for several months without losing viability. Some seedlings produce larger fruits or bear heavier crops than others, and these can be multiplied by vegetative propagation. The Ponderosa variety in the Philippines and the Russell in Florida have very large fruits, while the Prolific variety o …

THE IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURE (INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER) TRINIDAD, B.W.I. 12th July, 1940. In reply please refer to No. A.L. 370 Wilson Popencoe Esq., Primera Avenida Sur No. 2, Antigua, GUATEMALA. Dear Popenoe, This is just a note to remind you of the promise which you kindly made to me during your short visit at the College to write two articles for "Tropical Agriculture". If I remember rightly one of these was to deal with the history of the development of the existing commercial varieties of avocado pear together with notes on the modern aspects of the cultivation of this crop, drawing att …

```text GUAYAMA—GUAYAS RIVER 991 acteristic and not always appreciated. The Brazilian guava (P. guineense) has smaller but similar fruit. Guavas are pre-eminently suited for the preparation of jellies, jams and preserves, highly popular in many tropical countries and exported from a few, notably Cuba. Fresh guavas are rich in vitamin C; they are eaten out of hand or may be sliced and served with sugar and cream as a dessert. The common guava resists little frost, hence is not cultivated in many parts of California but is successfully grown throughout southern Florida. In several tropical regions it grows so abund …

35 possible for him to put fruit on the market during as many months as possible. This point has been emphasized in the notes regarding varieties. Because commercial culti- vation of grafted mangoes is such a new industry in tropical America, scarcely a thought has been given to this feature. Eventually, growers wishing to make some money by planting varieties which will come onto the market after other oranges have gone out of season. The location of the orchard should receive more attention than has been given it in numerous instances. It is assumed, of course, that the prospective grower knows that his land is …

large fruits with sufficient flesh to be worth propagating. The somewhat aromatic flesh is eaten out of hand commonly, but may be stewed as preserves, or boiled and dried for future use. There is a yellow-fruited form in cultivation in the West Indies, called S. purpurea var. lutea. It has yellow flowers and fruit, larger tree and leaves, and later season of maturity, all characters which suggest that it may be hybrid of S. purpurea with S. taitensis, the yellow mombin or jobo. Fruit quality is like the red mombin, however. Propagation is commonly by large stem cuttings, 2 ft. long, of wood 1 yr. old or more. Set …

who wrote in 1727, went even further. "The Goa mango," he declared, "is reckoned the largest and most delicious to the taste of any in the world, and I may add, the wholesome and best tasted of any Fruit in the World." There are ample grounds for considering the mango—as has been done by many writers—the "king of tropical fruits." Most of the seedlings so abundant throughout the tropics do not represent this fruit at its best. While of good flavour, they are commonly characterized by coarse fibres throughout the flesh, which makes eating them disagreeable. In contrast, the fine grafted varieties that have origina …

7. Nucellar Seedlings There is a characteristic of the orange and other citrus fruits (with exception of the pummelo or shaddock, rarely grown in Tropical America) which is of great horticultural importance. This is the production of what are technically known as nucellar seedlings. It is due to this phenomenon that seedling orange trees may be so much alike, not only in growth and productivity, but also in fruit characters. Oranges harvested from a hundred - or a thousand - trees in any particular region will be just about as uniform in character as those from an equal number of grafted Valencias. Nucellar embry …