Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation
A Research Division of Carnegie Mellon University

Hunt Institute Archives Text Discovery Platform

Search a large and growing portion of our online collections, including handwritten documents.
PROTOTYPE

This prototype uses state-of-the-art artificial intelligence, including a vision-language model (VLM) capable of reading handwritten documents as well as typed and printed text, to create searchable transcriptions of digitized materials in the Hunt Institute Archives. This makes it possible to search the textual contents of individual pages, including material that may not be described in the archival catalog.

Use Keyword search for specific words, names, dates, scientific names, or phrases. Try Semantic search (experimental) to describe a topic, question, or kind of material when you do not know the exact wording used in the documents.

About the AI-generated transcriptions

The transcriptions are generated automatically from page images and may contain errors, especially with difficult handwriting, unusual names, multiple languages, image-quality problems, or complex layouts. They are intended primarily as a discovery aid rather than authoritative transcriptions.

Each result provides the generated transcription and links to the original digitized material and associated archival description so that readings can be checked against the source. The transcription workflow uses AI models run locally by the Hunt Institute.

About Keyword and Semantic search

Keyword search is the default and matches the wording in the transcriptions. Results contain all your terms. Use quotes for an exact phrase. Substring matching is supported, so aceae can find plant-family names ending in -aceae.

Semantic search (experimental) is useful when you know what kind of material you are looking for but do not know the words used in the documents. It ranks transcribed passages by similarity of meaning, so relevant results may not contain the exact words in your query.

Semantic queries can be broad research topics, descriptions of activities or relationships, or natural-language questions. For example:

Semantic search is not a chatbot: a question is used as a search query, and the system returns archival passages that appear conceptually related to it rather than generating an answer or summary. Short descriptions and ordinary research questions generally work better than lists of disconnected keywords. Quotation marks have no special meaning in Semantic mode. Cross-language matching may work in some cases, but it should not be treated as translation.

Keyword and Semantic search are complementary. Keyword search lets you require particular wording; Semantic search can surface differently worded passages about the same subject. Depending on the research question, trying both can reveal different useful material.

Open a result: use the prominent page-and-transcription link to see the metadata, PDF, and full transcription. Keyword-search terms are highlighted in the transcription.

Archives Collections Database (ArchivesSpace): the Collection, Item/Folder, and Digital Object links open the corresponding archival records. Collection-level dates describe the collection as a whole, not necessarily the specific item or page.

If a PDF does not load: on the detail page, use the Digital Object link, click “Go to file” in ArchivesSpace, and navigate to the page number shown here.

Current limitations
  • Automated transcriptions can contain missing or incorrect text or unintended repetition. Difficult handwriting, image quality, unusual layouts, and multiple languages can reduce accuracy. Always consult the original page image when an exact reading matters.
  • Semantic search remains experimental. Its rankings are an additional discovery aid, not a complete or definitive set of relevant results, and highly ranked pages can sometimes be only broadly related.
  • This is an active prototype. Search coverage, transcriptions, functionality, and the interface may continue to change as additional archival material is processed and the system is improved.

Semantic matches for “plant collecting and fieldwork in South America”

Showing matches 61–80 among up to the top 200 ranked results.
Semantic results are ranked by similarity of meaning rather than exact wording, so relevant pages may use different language from your query. They are a discovery aid, not an exhaustive list of relevant pages.
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View page 35 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4202 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx2FF40_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
commented upon in the literature. As I saw it there were two alternatives: 1) to publish the map after a revision based on preliminary herbarium studies and evidence our South American Expeditions had obtained, with notes on the general floristic composition of each of the subdivisions shown on the map to give a picture of the unique variety of plant formations characteristic of Chile as a basis for future detailed studies by ourselves or others; 2) a thorough cataloging and critical evaluation of all available herbarium evidence followed by field work in subdivisions where such evidence is lacking of fragmentary …
View page 35 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4168 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF6_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
concerning plants that might interest you and mapped areas to be explored for them. This collector's work in Peru has been financed by donations to this University which were expended on my requisition. These funds, donated by individuals and scientific institutions, are now exhausted. Whether you would have any interest in making it possible to continue the Peruvian plant exploration I do not know but if so I can give you a specific proposal with estimate of monthly cost. From my past plant hunting in Peru and this more recent work much information of botanical importance has been derived and I can guarantee tha …
View page 33 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4181 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF19_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
C.-REVISTA SUDAMERICANA DE BOTANICA, 1934-1945. Encuadernado Vol. I. 10 trabajos originales. Con 26 figs. y 4 láms., en parte color. II. 13 III. 21 IV. 13 V. 15 VI. en curso de publicación. Fuera de los trabajos originales, notas bibliográficas, necrológicas y misceláneas, listas de especialistas relacionados con la flora sudamericana, índices de nombres latinos y de autores. D.- PLANTAE URUGUAYENSES I-V En colaboración con C.Osten En preparación : XVII Florula Riograndensis (J.Bornmüller y otros) 2. XVIII Siguiendo la pista de los naturalistas F.Sellow y A.de Saint-Hilaire. Con mapa en color XIX Supplementum Flo …
View page 33 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4169 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF7_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… but hope to obtain native collectors who will do most of the hard work. With any luck it should be possible to get most of the additional evidence I need for my book on the vegetation of the west coast of South America and its distribution. In addition, there is more information concerning some of the South American Nicotianas that should go into the book on tobacco and its wild relatives which will go to the publisher after the first of the year. There is a chance that we will go to Europe for three to four months next spring. I am saying nothing about this possibility until I get the approval of President Spro …
View page 37 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1049 · File: 1_Allen_Bx1FF7r
Collection-level dates: 1937–1963
Matched passage
… are proof prints of those for which we have zinc plates. The others are recent drawings. Bifrenaria pickiana - Drawing Brassavola nodosa - Plate Cattleya Skinneri - Plate Chrysis aurea - Drawing (Complete plant with fls.) Corvantes speciosa - Plate (Amer. Orch. Society) Epidendrum atropurpureum - Plate Epidendrum Lindleyanum - Plate Epidendrum nocturnum var. latifolium - Plate Hexisea bidentata - Plate Maxillaria variabilis - Drawing Notylia Cordesii - Drawing Oncidium ampliatum - Plate Phragmipedium longifolium - Plate Sobralia decora - Plate Sobralia leucocentha - Plate Spiranthes Navarrensis - Plate Trizeuxis …
View page 161 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4210 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx3FF48_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
I hope that you will appreciate that in the above very frank advice I am only trying to be of service to you. Now, to another, perhaps more pleasant subject. I am preparing a second edition of my book "Plant Hunters in the Andes." It originally appeared in 1941 and a very bad Spanish translation was published in Buenos Aires some years later as "Cazadores de Plantas en los Andes." There was, also, a reprint published in London in 1950. Perhaps you have seen the Spanish translation; if not, I think you could find it in a Lima library. During the various periods when you collected for me you wrote me letters contai …
View page 21 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4172 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF10_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
2089 Life Sciences Bldg. University of California Berkeley, California September 27, 1957 Mr. Ralph K. Davies Suite 2040 111 Sutter Street San Francisco, California Dear Mr. Davies: The South American botanical Expedition which you have generously supported has been under way in Peru for some two months. Paul C. Hutchison, Senior Botanical Garden Botanist, who has been assigned by the University to assist me in South America, with a collecting assistant-photographer, arrived in Lima late in July. Through the courtesy of the Grace Line, a 1-ton, 1957 Ford truck, purchased with Expedition funds, was carried gratis …
View page 67 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4170 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF8_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… ardin Botaniques Université de Genève Genève, Suisse Dear Dr. Hochreutiner: I have not replied to your kind letter of October 31, concerning the herbarium material which was collected under my direction in South America because I wished to have opportunity to complete the distribution into sets, start the determinations, etc. Since we hope to pay at least a small portion of the expenses of the expedition by the sale of these herbarium specimens, I would prefer, if possible, to arrange with you for purchase rather than exchange, although I know very well the exceedingly high quality of the material which you have …
View page 33 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4184 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF22_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… Dear Dr. Goodspeed: I was very pleased to receive a copy of your paper with Dr. Stork on the Andean expeditions. It is of special interest to us here because of our own active work on the flora of northern South America. Dr. Bassett Maguire of our staff has seen your paper and would appreciate having a personal copy of it if that is possible. He would refer to it frequently. Here at New York we regret that we have so few of your South American collections on deposit, but we are well aware of how difficult it is to supply the demand for such materials. If further materials remain to be distributed, we do hope that …
View page 53 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #3973 · File: 296_Lowy_Bx3FF40_r
Collection-level dates: 1949–1990
Matched passage
SIMPOSIO SOBRE A BIOTA AMAZONICA JUNE 1966, BELEM, BRASIL BOTANICA METHODS AND RESULTS OF THE MYCOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF TROPICAL SOUTH AMERICA Rolf Singer Universidad de Buenos Aires, B.Aires. The History of mycological exploration in the South American tropics shows that until a relatively short time ago, the collecting and distributing of fungi has been a hap-hazard undertaking. The collecting has been done by very few mycologists (Rick, Sydow, Weir, Torrend, and a few others) without either exhausting the mycoflora of a single territory nor covering any larger area like the Amazonas region. The rest of the …
View page 84 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4178 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF16_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… and W. R. Grace & Co. 2 Pine St. San Francisco, Calif. Dear Mr. Lillevand: You will, I am sure, remember that the University of California has sent, under my direction, six botanical expeditions to western South America between 1935 and 1958. The scientific importance of the plant collections made by these expeditions has attracted world-wide attention. Many new plants or plant products of agri- cultural, horticultural, medicinal and industrial significance were discovered. By mapping plant distribution and recording climatic and other pertinent data, previously unknown agricultural potentialities of Peru, Chile …
View page 2 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4217 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx3FF57_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
distribution of the floras of the Andes and nearby regions from the equator to Magellan Strait. Seed and living plants of hundreds of species were brought back to the Botanical Garden to form its South American unit. Many thousands of dried plant specimens were obtained to enrich the noteworthy collection of South American species in the University's Herbarium. Duplicate specimens have been sent to other leading herbaria in this country and abroad.
View page 26 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4178 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx1FF16_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… Life Sciences Univ. of California Berkeley 4, California May 26, 1950 Mr. F. L. Doelker W. R. Grace and Co. 2 Pine Street San Francisco, California Dear Mr. Doelker: I am considering a continuation of our South American botanical exploration which has been going on for the past fifteen years, by sending one of my assistants on a former expedition, Mr. Walter J. Eyerdam of Seattle, to Ecuador. I wish him to collect plants and seeds from Guayaquil north along the coast and principally in the botanically unknown coastal mountains of Depto. Manabi. He would leave in November or December of this year and return in Ma …
View page 2 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1073 · File: 1_Allen_Bx2FF8r
Collection-level dates: 1937–1963
Matched passage
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE HORTICULTURAL CROPS RESEARCH BRANCH BELTSVILLE, MARYLAND Plant Introduction Section October 27, 1955 Dr. Paul H. Allen Escuela Agricola Panamericana Apartado 93 Tegucigalpa, Honduras Dear Dr. Allen: Recently I have had a reference to your interesting paper on the Poisonous and Injurious Plants of Panama. After several tries I was able to borrow a copy from the Library of Congress. The Agriculture Library does not have it, nor do we have a copy in the Section. Since we are doing so much work with people interested in potential medicinal plants, …
View page 20 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #1049 · File: 1_Allen_Bx1FF7r
Collection-level dates: 1937–1963
Matched passage
ESQUINAS EXPERIMENT STATION CIA. BANANERA de COSTA RICA GOLFITO DIVISION Palmar January 16, 1953 Dr. Donovan S. Correll, Botanist Specialty Crop Introductions Plant Industry Station Beltsville, Maryland Dear Don: Many thanks for sending the copy of the Orchids of Guatemala. Judging by your other work it will be a fine thing, and we are looking forward to seeing it with a great deal of pleasure. Our mails are slow, but we should have it within a week or two. The position at the Fairchild Tropical Garden sounds very interesting. It would be much like the work at the Missouri Botanical Garden Tropical Station in Bal …
View page 174 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4225 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx3FF65_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… n appreciable herbarium (B M); Mrs. F. E. Hinckley realizes an excursion to the foot of the Volcano Chachani, about 10 kilometers from Arequipa, where she obtains a small but very interesting collection of plants (G) and Colonel Stordy, Chief of the Agricultural Station of Chuquibambilla in Puno, visits the departments of the South collecting some Gramineae. In this same period of time, the agronomy engineer, Christian Bues, German and naturalized citizen of the United States, carried on an extensive herborization in the province of Convencion of the department of Cuzco, specializing in lichens, Mucineas?, ferns …
View page 6 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4217 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx3FF57_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
Botanical Garden or as pressed specimens to enrich the representation of South American floras in the University Herbarium. Usually a considerable number of duplicate specimens were pressed for purposes of exchange by the Herbarium with scientific institutions throughout the world. The total number of living and dried collections was approximately 11,000. In terms of scientific significance this is one of the outstanding collections of plants that has been made in Peru. 2) Evidence was obtained which will solve problems of classification in certain plant groups especially well represented in the Peruvian floras. …
View page 114 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4921 · File: 231_Rogers_Bx9FF3_r
Collection-level dates: 1948–1977
Matched passage
… upper Ucayali River we obtained a great deal more information than we expected to. Some of this information relates to manioc, and that's why we are writing to you. While on the island we learned about two plants both of which have certain resemblances to manioc, and thought you might like to learn about them even before we get back to the States. The first is a plant the Amahuaca call namfta. It is a vine which grows only in cleared areas of the forest, for example where a big tree has fallen, or in garden plots. We were able to observe the various stages of growth of the namfta plant in an area near our tent wh …
View page 22 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4201 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx2FF39_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… . The Lima silversmith sounds like "Bill" Salazar who sells me Spanish-Colonial religious paintings. The early ones are practically "primitives" and my col- lection gives me a lot of pleasure. We have been plant hunting in South America--principally on the West coast-- six times since 1935. I put together some of our experiences on the first two expeditions in a book called "Plant Hunters in the Andes" published by Rinehart in 1941. The American edition has been out of print for some years but the English edition (Robert Hale, London) appeared two years ago. I think some of it might interest you and if it is not …
View page 114 and transcription
Digital Object: DO #4190 · File: 182_Goodspeed_Bx2FF28_r
Collection-level dates: 1923–1963
Matched passage
… Rhododendron chlorops. We now have a rather knowledgeable chap responsible for our Rhododendrons and he has had considerable success in propagating other seed accessions. I am directing a 6th expedition to South America from September of this year to March or April 1958. Primarily I want collections made in certain areas in Peru, Chile and possibly Argentina which should provide critical evidence on some of my postulates concerning factors responsible for Andean plant distribution. In addition, I propose to place some emphasis upon introduction of new or little known species of potential ornamental value for Cali …
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