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… a H.& B. 7 408 22927 / Tabebuia nodosa Gris. 6 232 22273 / Stenolobium stans (L.) Seem. 8 356 22725 / " 7 285 22342 / " 7 222 22289 / Stenolobium garrocha (Hieron.) Fries 8 352 22559 / Amphilophium sp. ? 3 PLANTAGINACEAE 288 22356 / Plantago paralias Decne. 7 435 23077 / Plantago macrostachys Decne. 5 309 23074 / " 8 420 23199 / Plantago myosurds Lam. 3 309 23066 / Plantago myosurds Lam. subsp. mediuscula Filger 4 RUBIACEAE 232 22382 / Relbunium chaetophorum (Gris.) Schum. 3 241 22606 / " 4 411 23127 / Relbunium diffusum (Pohl) Schum. 5 374 22868 / Calycophyllum multiflorum Gris. 11 357 22729 / Psychotria alba R. …

-1- BIOLOGICAL LEAFLET NO. 106 L. K. Issued November, 1974 Classification of Vegetation. Principles of classification and classification systems of various phytocenological schools. Transl. L. Kelso V. D. Aleksandrova. "Nauka"Publishing House. Leningrad. 1969. WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION? p. 5-11 There is no problem in geobotany which can evoke so much discussion and so much contradictory literature as the subject of classification of vegetation. In the scientific world there is no unity of opinion, either as to the basic principles of classifica- tion nor in makeup of a classification system, nor in modes of gatherin …

ratio is frequently 2:1, but rarely 17:1). Downey's syndrome: mongolism. Maize, wheat, rye, etc., none liable in polyploids, lethal in diploids. Used for embryo rescue and plant breeding. I have mentioned that it is evident that evolution has caused entire chromosome sets from two species to join as a hybrid. It is also possible to bring together partly different genomes. For instance, crosses we made between wheat with 42 chromosomes and rye with 56 chromosomes, a hybrid with 49 chromosomes (42 wheat + 7 rye) will be obtained. If such a hybrid is backcrossed to wheat, it is possible to get plants with 42 wheat c …

are represented. For general plant classification purposes, such specimens are satisfactory. The reproductive structures and the foliage associated with the inflorescence of M. esculenta are remarkably uniform in morphological structure in all the cultivars. The general condition of herbarium specimens for studies of cultivated plants is deplorable. The typical herbarium specimen, in addition to its paucity of plant material represented, more seriously lacks detailed descriptive information on the labels, and so few specimens contain comparable label data that it is impossible to get more than a sketchy descripti …

… growth habits, growth forms, and their crossability and chromosome characteristics as well as on the basis of their morphological characters. The last revision is by the Russian cytologist Tsvetkov in his (Plant Breeding) 1976 in which he adopted a morphological system based on that of Dushin but with only 18 genera. This review may serve as a demonstration of the confusion surrounding the taxonomic division of the wheatgrasses, though it did not mention the extreme views of Kram (1998), recently supported by Madsen and others. He felt that the morphological variability and the great crossability supported the in …

his very fine final review of a work that nobody has done as well. His paper is named The genomic system of classification as a guide to intergeneric hybridization with the perennial Triticeae, and is printed in a book on Gene manipulation in plant improvement edited by J. P. Gustafson and published 1984 by Plenum Publishing Corporation. Needless to say, the genomic system is the same I have been advocating for years and which we have shared and Cronquist misunderstood like the other popes of the groups fighting about the meaningless terms lumpers and splitters that Europeans never have understood because they do …

… es between species are of an equally complex nature. Some of the most significant of these cannot be recognized at all by looking at the species concerned, however minutely. They are revealed only when the chromosomes of two species are placed together in the cells of a hybrid, and there show that they cannot work together to form normal adult structures or viable gametes. Finally, garden studies within species have shown that such characteristics as the ability or inability of a plant to produce vigorous offspring through self fertilization may characteristics of reproductive biology, which by themselves have li …

have a classification you get some sort of higher order of meaning from the classification if you read the classifications correctly, if you try to understand them. We just don't know how far any individual can go in his interpretation of the classification once it performed. Many/individuals have gained some sort of ability to carry on a little bit farther the kind of thing that they are interested in doing if they have a classification available to them. You may be a geneticist, for example, or a plant breeder. And if it is interesting to you to know what kooks of organisms you might possibly put together to ga …

… P. K. 25 Karşıyaka - İzmir, Turkey TEL.: 17454 Cables Foodagri, I Z M I R Dear Dr Rogers, This is to thank you for so kindly sending me the separate of your paper on a Computer Programme for Classifying Plants II. I saw and was most interested by your earlier paper with Tanimoto in Science. I hope that we may find it possible to use a technique of this sort for the classification of crop habitats. sincerely, Erna Bennett. Department of Entomology University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 12/16/66 Dear Sir, We would greatly appreciate 1 copies of your paper: A General Method of Taxonomic Description for a C …

p. 184: Arctostaphylos adenotricha (Fern. & Macbr.) LÖve, LÖve & Kapoor (1971: Arctic & Alpine Research) certainly is a species distinct from A. uva-ursi, since the former is diploid with 26 chromosomes, the latter tetraploid, and they have never been found to hybridize. A slip of pen, or simply slip of memory...even Homer sometimes nodded! Kalmia microphylla (Hook.) Heller is a diploid, K. polifolia a tetraploid, cf. LÖve, LÖve & Kapoor 1971, p. 155. p. 186: Perhaps better to translate Gr. agalma as "a delight, or an honor"? as does R. S. Woods, 1944: The naturalist's lexicon? The type of Euphorbia L. is E. anti …

simple reason that you initiated the study of these plants. So why not make them, and several other new transfers or names needed for that flora, jointly in a short paper that perhaps could be printed in Phytologia or somewhere else where it can get out fast? Perhaps where you print your other remarks on the flora? I have looked for informations on the chromosome numbers of Ligularia that you are more familiar with than I am myself. Of course, there are numerous inexact reports by botanists with technical cytological knowledge without being exact or critical, and many seem to have adjusted their numbers to the co …

… la plus intéressante parait celle qui supposerait les hybrides tétraploïdes susceptibles de donner en dehors de leurs gametes diplôides à n=24 des gametes tétraploïdes à n=48 soit par duplication de leurs chromosomes, soit par manque de réduction. Ce fait est déjà connu chez les hybrides. Roger de Vilmorin et moi (1) avons signalé ce fait chez certaines variétés de pommes de terre. D'autre part, les hybrides pentaploïdes de Raphanus x Brassica de Karpechenko (2) n'auraient pas d'autre origine. De toute façon, cette apparition d'une forme pentaploïde anormale permet d'envisager d'autres combinaisons caryologiques …

Nous commissaire nommé par l'académie en 1773 et examiné un Mémoire de M. de Jussieu, après avoir comparé les rapports des plantes avec les affinités chimiques (malgré l'opinion différante qui est entre ces deux auteurs) prend la Botanique du fonds originel. D'abord il examine comment les botanistes s'y sont pris pour classer les Plantes; il remarque que les uns préfèrent le fruit, d'autres la fleur, d'autres la corolle, et d'autres les Étamens, puis en tirant leurs caractères classiques en un fait de Systeme, des espèces détaillées raisonnées, mais que ces caractères tirés ainsi d'une seule partie, qui est le pl …

… f Puerto Rico. Protoplasma 59: 277-297. Brotherus, V. F. 1924-1925. Musci. In Engler, A. and K. Prantl, Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. 2 Aufl. 10: i-iv; 1-478; 11: i-iv, 1-542. Cardot, J. 1899. Nouvelle classification des Leucobryacees basee principalement sur les caracteres anatomiques de la feuille. Rev. Bryol. 26: 1-8. Cardot, J. 1900. Recherches anatomiques sur les Leucobryacees. Mem. Acad. Sci. Cherbourg 32: 1-84. pl. 1-19. Fleischer, M. 1904. Musci der Flora von Buitenzorg. E. J. Brill. Leiden. Heywood, V. H. 1967. Plant Taxonomy. Institute of Biology's Studies in Biology no. 5. St. Martin's Press, New Y …

PAGE 8 our classification. What is it intrinsically, what are the intrinsic characters of this plant which make all of these plants related and unrelated and everything else? But I can't see how except that's purely arbitrary you can separate the intrinsic from the extrinsic. (Henry) It is in many ways arbitrary, just as it is in trying to classify a collection of books, but there are certain characters which are a part of the genetic makeup of that plant. All of sorts of accidents can happen to the plant otherwise. We do have to at some point make what is largely an arbitrary decision. Many of these things I hav …

… er-gray These, unfortunately have little correlation with other obvious characters, such as branching pattern, and have no correlation with the variable HCN content. 4. Sampling techniques, and problems of classification. 1. Lack of understanding of biology of genus, and its methods of pollination have caused explosion in spp. names. 2. Inadequate herbarium specimens memmix, without sampling of variation on one plant has led to confusion. 3. Needs in sampling--populations, and how to get them--for cultivars, fairly simple, since most expt. sta. have a local collection. For wild spp., need not only to take specime …

My write up of this genus is not at all satisfactory. Anderson(in Rhodora) and Friesner in Butler U. studies have gotten this genus in such a shape I do not know if I am going or coming. I have a lot of plants growing here and my assistant took measurements and observation every day last year. Trouble we do not have all the forms growing here. "hat I lack is plants with maroon petals and with a maroon ovary. In the event you are out and can run across such and send me the corms will you please do so. The ovaries of all my plants are white and remain so. We have paid especial attention to the position of the pedun …

to maximize the acquisition of information relating to the stability of named classes and informant variability. Named plants will be collected numerous times with different informants in different areas throughout the year. Such repeated collecting of recognized groupings should allow one to make fairly reliable statements as to the accurate botanical ranges of each Aguaruna plant taxon. A lack of broad-based botanical collections for recognized plant classes is a weakness of many early ethnobotanical studies where the botanical determinations were rarely based on more than one collection, taken at one time duri …

… t. Other early authors were able to recognize such things as the compositae, these are terms I am sure that are in all of our vocabularies. We know approximately what these are. There are other families of plants recognized by us today which were very early established because of some inherent quality of the organisms. In the case of this particular group, it would certainly be the fruiting structure, this particular group would certainly be the total flowering mechanism that is the inflorescence structure, the inflorescence. We, incidentally, may recognize that in an historical development of things that there a …

-3- PROCESSING TAXONOMIC PROBLEMS Plants to be classified | Determined from present system Assemble data (morphologic, genetic, ecologic, physiologic, etc. Organize for processing | Pattern analysis Determine related and unrelated elements | Cluster | Organization into "formal" classification | Models to be derived from present methods Nomenclature problems | Information retrieval method; logical coding scheme Identification routines | Logical models Application | Breeding programs analysis of drug-producing plants, etc. | Evolutionary studies | Ecological studies | Information retrieval