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in Cuba some years ago, but the fruits were too small to be of value. Budding and veneer grafting are easily done on sugar-apples, using as stocks seedlings of this species or those of the custard-apple. In general, the same pests which attack the cherimoya can be expected on sugar-apples. Little attention has been given this subject in tropical America.

… nly grafted avocado in Spain, so far as trees in bearing are concerned. It proved to be a fine Guatemalan, probably my Benik, sent over here from Washington by the USDA some fifteen years ago. Fine crop of fruit this year. You can't beat the oranges in this region, not even on the Indian River. And yesterday we got a few Marsh grapefruits, not bad but this climate is cool for grapefruit. I don't see any limes - what we call Key Limes - over here and yesterday I wrote John Popenoe asking him to send me some seeds. I wouldn't dare risk bringing over any grafted trees from Florida - you know why. But I am wondering …

9 several important characteristics in common which are inherited when trees are grown from seed for example the mango and manga races of Cuba. In the first named the trees are tall, the fruits uniform, kidney-shaped, yellow with some red color. In the second, the tree is lower-growing with a broad crown, the fruits round or somewhat oblate in form, with none red color. Within the race there may be groups of varieties propagated by grafting or budding. The members of these have several characteristics in common, such as productivity, size, form and color of fruit, flavor, and season of ripening. Varieties Reviewi …

14. In modern times grafting has superseded the use of seedling trees in those regions where there is extensive commercial cultivation on an orchard basis. Though seedlings ultimately attain a larger size than grafted trees, the latter assure reproduction of the desired variety, begin production at an earlier age, and can be placed on rootstocks which give resistance to unfavorable soil conditions and certain diseases. Nucellar seedlings are of great value in connection with nursery work, assuring a high degree of uniformity among seedling rootstocks; they have also been useful in connection with the development …

3 spur of propagating material - I wonder if we have Clementine mandarin I am afraid not; we have one tree here in Antigua and the fruit is fine. As for the avocados, I hope you can propagate and continue the most promising varieties. That collection down below the new houses is the fifth we have had in 20 years. Doctor Malan of South Africa told us they had learned to lengthen the life of plantings where Phy- tophthora is a problem by cutting down irrigation; and in my last two years at Zamorano I tried that and it seemed to help. I thought the trees would die from drought- we gave them no water during the dry s …

in Cuba some years ago, but the fruits were too small to be of value. Budding and veneer grafting are easily done on sugar-apples, using as stocks seedlings of this species or those of the custard-apple. In general, the same pests which attack the cherimoya can be expected on sugar-apples. Little attention has been given this subject in tropical America.

in Cuba some years ago, but the fruits were too small to be of value. Budding and veneer grafting are easily done on sugar-apples, using as stocks seedlings of this species or those of the custard-apple. In general, the same pests which attack the cherimoya can be expected on sugar-apples. Little attention has been given this subject in tropical America.

tree is not very productive, only a few good, large fruits being mature annually. Hand pollination might increase fruit setting when the proper pollinating insects are not active. Considerable variation in yields of seedlings has been noted, especially in Venezuela, and it seems likely that selection of heavy bearing trees and their propagation as varieties would greatly increased production. Propagation by veener grafting is recommended.

… rtile they should be spaced about 20 feet apart, each way. Preparation of the land planting should be the same as for orange trees. Grafted guavas are usually set in the field about a year from the time of grafting, and should receive the usual watering and mulching after being planted. Little research has been done on fertilizing guavas. In many tropical regions they thrive even when neglected, but of course they grow more rapidly when given proper cultural attention. On stony or sandy soils in Florida a fertilizer program suitable for oranges has given excellent results. The trees should begin to bear fruit in …

general, and without all the details, the methods of developing new resistance is as follows: first, seeds from native plants are germinated in seed beds, and when the young plants have sufficiently developed, are set out in nursery beds. When the plants are about two feet tall, cuttings of high-yielding varieties developed in the eastern tropics are grafted onto the seedling root stocks. These grafted plants are again transferred and

properly. The smooth surface left by cutting is easily sterilized by brushing on it a solution of salicylic acid (1g. in 100 ml. of 20% alcohol). Crowns are usually left on the fruits in shipping; if they are cut off to conserve shipping space, the exposed surface should also be treated as above. Ratoon Crops The first crop obtained from a new planting is called the 'plant crop'. The original plant stems can never bear again, but long before the plant crop matures, branches will have arisen on the plant stems. Usually aerial branches develop before branches arise near or below the soil surface, and about a year a …

TROPICAL FRUIT PROGRAM FOR THE MONTGOMERY FOUNDATION 1. The primary objective is to maintain and cooperate a collection of interesting and valuable tropical fruits on an international basis. This would complement and broaden the work of the Fairchild Tropical Garden which is primarily concerned with ornamentals. It would gain international prestige and be internationally useful to a greater extent that is possible for either Chapman Field of the Subtropical Experiment Station, both of which have political limitations. 2. The Montgomery Foundation will operate along the following lines: a. To introduce and test tr …

-12- Visits near Medellín Rio Negro sub-station. This is a small nursery station for the production of fruit trees, about two hours out of Medellín on the road to Rio Negro. It is a small station with few facilities, almost no staff, and a general atmosphere of neglect. Apparently all fruits are propagated either by cuttings or are grafted on stocks which are raised from cuttings, quince or plum. As a practice grafting takes precedence over budding and no effort seems to be made to keep the unions near the ground level. Stocks are irregular in size and apparently in age. Cuttings are placed thickly in rows, the r …

… hard, or even seeds may be planted where trees are to be, for seedling orchards. Seedling trees are slow to begin bearing sometimes, waiting until 10 years old or more, and the size, season, and quality of fruit will not be known until then. For orchard planting this may not be a big handicap, yet even there it is desirable to be assured of a long season of fruit maturity. For city markets it is important to have fruits of uniform appearance and season of maturity, and only vegetative propagation will assure this. Seedling stocks may be grown in containers or in field nurseries like orange stocks. Grafting is mor …

few other factors not yet fully understood. Propagation When a fruit tree of great commercial importance has been propa- gated for some two thousand years, in a country of highly skillful horticulturists, by a simple and inexpensive vegetative means, it often takes some time to develop improved techniques. This seems to be the case with the lychee. When a fruit has been developed through selection of superior seedlings or valuable mutations, Vegetative propagation is of course essential. The Chinese have used the method

tree is not very productive, only a few good, large fruits being mature annually. Hand pollination may increase fruit setting when the proper pollinating insects are not active. Considerable variation in yields of seedlings has been noted, especially in Venezuela, and it seems likely that selection of heavy bearing trees and their propagation as varieties would greatly increased production. Propagation by veener grafting is recommended.

Antigua, Guatemala 3 January 1971 Dear Doctor Coit: Many thanks for the interesting article on kakis. I still keep on trying to push them here bit it is painstakingly slow work. As far as I know, propagation has never been done by any nurseryman in Guatemala, nor elsewhere in Central America. It takes the trees such a long time to come into bearing! And I have just heard that the German up at Coban, 4000 feet (a good elevation I think) who had a bearing orchard of about 50 trees, probably Hachiya, has grubbed them out. Last year I ate half a dozen fruits from his orchard and they were great. Incidentally, the you …

fruit, bananas, etc. We learned that production of avocados is almost 200 lbs/tree, with 50 trees to the acre (seems small number of trees to me) and that the price on them is high in the markets, being $22(Australia) for a flat of 20 at times. An Aussie dollar = 84¢ U.S. if I am not mistaken. Also he told me of a new method of early grafting they are using for avocados and macadamia. In the latter they are removing the radicle as it comes out of the seed and placing the graft in at that time. Their macadamia trees come into production at 4 years, am told. Well, sir, I am down right sorry we could not get him out …

Antigua, Guatemala, 2 November 1960 Mr G L Taber Jr., Glen Saint Mary Nurseries Co. Glen Saint Mary, Florida. Dear Mr Taber: There is a growing interest in temperate zone fruits for the tropical highlands. To the extent that we shall probably devote quite a bit of time to this subject at the next meeting of the American Society for Horticultural Science (Caribbean Region) which will take place, most probably in southern Florida, next spring. In the meantime, half a dozen countries down this way and starting or have started experimental plantings. I am telling them that there are a number of things they must get f …

… am. Possibly an arrangement intermediate between lath house diagram A and B might be found desirable, in which case a house of approximately 25,000 square feet would be needed for 12,000 seedlings. "Little budding of avocados is now done in Florida, grafting of very young plants having superseded it. Avocados of 2 to 4 months of age are used in grafting, the scions being the tips of the last matured growth on branches just before a new flush of growth starts. These tips are inserted either as side grafts in a seedling or as cleft grafts, and grafted plants by this method should be ready for setting in the field i …