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and cytogenetic relationships of fourteen taxa, including the two above named varieties, was made. The variable-group method is quite conservative and only reveals two groups while the ramifying-linkage method is more liberal and depicts nine distinct groups at the same level of analysis. The relative merits of the two techniques of group analysis are discussed. Cytogenetic evidence suggests that there are two distinct groups among these fourteen taxa. The first group consists of six cross fertile taxa, C. cardenasi, C. eximium, SA 321 - SA 357, C. pubescens, SA 270, and SA 281, that form highly fertile F1 hybrid …

… mental Research The cambium and secondary xylem — vascular structure of the flower — the "Ranalian" complex — growth substances and chemical weed control — cytology of lilac, forsythia, ash and other woody plants — cytological mechanisms of inheritance — conduction through bark and dwarfing of trees. Monographs Azaleas — Lilacs — the relatives of Camellia — the Pines — Lonicera, the honeysuckles — the Rose-Apples, Syzygium — the Screw pines — Yucca — Crataegus — Sorbus. Plant Breeding Incompatibilities of ornamental shrubs — hybrid forsythias and magnolias — flowering cherries — hybrid elms — ornamental crab appl …

(h) particulars of the variety's (cultivar's) characteristics, e.g. classification, colour, chromosome data and/or the like. (when colours are used reference to the Colour Chart used should, if possible, be given). B. to register names which conform to the rules and recommendations of the International Code for the Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants. A registration fee should be charged and should be fixed by the individual International Registration Authorities in consultation with the national organisations concerned in the various countries. C. to endeavour to get originators, introducers and others concerned w …

Abstract A Classification of Manihot esculenta Crantz using the Information Carrying Content of a Character as a Measure of its Classificatory Rank. H. Fleming and D.J. Rogers University of Colorado A method of classifying cultivated plants is proposed using principles derived from 'information theory.' It is typical of cultivars for the plant characteristics to seemingly vary between themselves in a random fashion. Classifications of such groups have usually been based on little else than arbitrary, personal weighing of some plant characters when it has not been simply a key to named or presumed varieties. These …

Papilionatae Caesalpinoideae Mimosoideae Connaraceae Crossosomataceae Chrysobalanaceae Prunoideae Pomoideae Platanaceae Spiraeoideae Cephalotaceae Limnanthaceae Coriariaceae Dryadaceae Rosoideae Potentilla Escalloniaceae Philadelphus Ribesoidaceae Cunoniaceae Hamamelidaceae POLYGARCIACEAE Podospermoneaceae Brunelliaceae. Hydrangea Nepenthac. Sarraceniac. Parnassiac. Astilbe Sarifragac. Lithrac. Roridulac. Melastomac. Halorrhagaceae Byblidaceae Gunnera Pittosporaceae Oenotheraceae Thymeliaceae Trapac. Cornaceae Umbellif Ar Araliace. Myrtaceae Lecythidace. Rhizophorac. Nyssaceae Funicaceae Combretaceae

The karyotypic studies combined with the results of genome-analysis were used by Chumakov and Sushin in support of the reinstatement of the genus Arthrophyllum, Eremogyrum el Agropyron s.str., and we based our revised revision, in 1961, on the genus Leymus as distinct from Elymus on the observation that both its karyotypes are significantly distinct from both the karyotypes of any Elymus, in addition to morphological distinctions which Hochstetter (1898) had made his expert splitting in these genera that since had been ignored for over a century. As for other polyploid genera described by past taxonomists, it was …

14 NN 14 N Seeds of the June crop germinated, whereas 24 seeds of the latter crop germinated, though only two plants survived to flowering. They were, initially, highly sterile; although most of the 28 divisions were regained at meiosis, it was possible to observe from five to nine bivalents at metaphase. I interpreted this as indicating that one chromosome of the Agropyron chromosome might occur, although it was not also that one chromosome was lost by the other. Studies of the tetraploid Agropyron plant had shown the occurrence of quadriverts that I interpreted as indicating autogamy, so I took the occurrence o …

useful book first source for unknown plants.) Camp, W. H., H. W. Rickett, and C. A. "Leatherby, compilers. 1948. International Rules of botanical nomenclature. Unofficial special edition. Chron. Bot. Waltham, Mass. Chamberlain, C. J. 1935. Gymnosperms...Univ. Press, Chicago. (Out of date but a classic) Dallimore, W. and A. B. Jackson. 1948. A hand book of Coniferae. Arnold, London. (Taxonomic;with useful keys.) Gray, Asa. 1880. The botanical text-book. I. Structural botany. Ivision, Blakeman, Taylor, N. Y. (out of print, but frequent in second-hand book stores, beautifully precise morphology, discussion of phytog …

… ers will be taken. I propose to sample populations of species of this section, using about ten characters; two kinds of sample-structure will be used, a square plot (adjusted to include about 25 individual plants of the species in question) for the middle of homogeneous populations, and a transect for long ridges and boundaries between populations. I intend to estimate chromosome number in a rough way by collecting samples of pollen from each plant (see Kohli & Packer 1976); root-tips and/or buds will be fixed from selected individuals as a control on the expected relationship between chromosome number and pollen …

2355 CORYNOCARPACEAE 2359 CORYSTOSPERMACAE 2411 CRASSULACEAE 2457 CROSSOSOMATACEAE 2464 CRUCIFERAE 2474 CRYPTERONIACEAE 2495 CUCURBITACEAE 2510 CUNONIACEAE 2516 CUPRESSACEAE 2543 CYANASTRACEAE 2550 CYATHEACEAE 2561 CYCADACEAE 2563 CYCLANTHACEAE 2611 CYNOMORIACEAE 2614 CYPERACEAE 2626 CYRILLACEAE 2692 DAPHNIYPHYLLACEAE 2706 DATISCACEAE 2740 DEGENERIAEAE 2872 DICKSONIACEAE 2802 DESFONTAINIACEAE 2836 DIAPENSIACEAE 2855 DICHAPELALACEAE 2874 DICLIDIANATHERACEAE 2903 DIDIEREACEAE 2928 DILLENTIACEAE 2957 Dioscoreaceae 3001 DIPSACACEAE 3005 DIPTEROCARPACEAE 3139 DROSERACEAE

… sted to the flowers of the other species which are in the leaf axils, always without bracteoles and with short plaits. G. scabra also differs in its pollen morphology, and since it is known to have 2n = 26 chromosomes, it seems most reasonable to retain it in the restricted section Pneumonanthe of the genus Tretorhiza, as T. scabra (Bge.) Löve & Löve which is validated below. The other species of Grossheim's series Asclepiadeae are characterized by the basic chromosome number x = 11 and distinctly smaller chromosomes, in addition to morphological and palynological differences that set them apart as a genus in its …

5 classes de plantes qu'il appelle des classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, savoir, la Monocotyledone, la Diacotyledone, elles acotyledone; il dit que en ce dernier point des Systeme M.B. de Jussieu à Brianon qui au lieu des acotyledone admettent des polycotyledone; 2° d'après cette subdivision générale, il peut, quelqu'un de diviser le Regne végétal simplement en famille, il ferait plus naturel d'admettre ces 3 premières classes dont les familles feraient des subdivisions, comme dans la méthode de Riaumeur. 3° il conclut ensuite que nulle classe ne peut être naturelle si la situation de l'embryon, dans la graine n'est pas uni …

8. inversions and translocations of sizeable parts of the chromosomes, a slow and erratic process which is little known in plants but reasonably well understood in Drosophila. It has been named gradual speciation, and it certainly is the predominant process by which species differentiate. Another process, which is efficient in isolating gene pools, is polyploidy, or the sudden duplication of the chromosome set of an individual, usually a hybrid, a process which is termed abrupt speciation. Although small variations in chromosome number within a gene pool often can be tolerated, duplications of an entire chromosom …

… KUPFER, P. & PAVARGER, C. 1967: Premières prospectus caryologiques dans la flore orophile des Pyrénées et de la Sierra Nevada. - C. r. Acad. Sci. Paris 264: 2463 - 2465. LEVAN, A. 1940: Note on the somatic chromosomes of some Colchicum species. - Hereditas 26: 317 - 320. LINCHEVSKII, I. A. 1962: Amphoricarpus Vis. - Flore SSSR 27: 74 - 77. LÖVE, A. 1970: Íalensk ferdaflóra. - Reykjavík. LÖVE, A. 1971: IOPB chromosome number reports XXXIV. - Taxon 20: 785 - 797. LÖVE, A. 1972: IOPB chromosome number reports XXXVI. - Taxon 21: 333 - 346. LÖVE, A. & LÖVE, D. 1942: Chromosome numbers of Scandinavian plant species. - …

-4- dormancy; search for technique of staining of chromosomes; establishing technique of microbiological assay, and determination of which assays will be most informative for taxonomic purposes. After the above correlations are made, it is anticipated that the routine analyses may be started. The taxonomic methods of comparative morphology, utilizing specimens now maintained in the world's herbaria, integrating the data of distribution and ecology. With such slight differences as may occur between varieties, biometric studies may be necessary, but such is not contemplated at this time. Since both the genetic stud …

Plant taxonomy is a classical subject with a long history, but it is also a field strongly affected by the theory of evolution, because most modern taxonomists agree that a system of biological classification ought to reflect the actual history of the evolution of taxa at various taxonomic levels. Until 1930, only theoretical understanding of evolutionary processes leading to the increase in diversity at the level of species were supposed to be the ones as those leading to the conservation of gene pools at above the levels of species, exactly as believed by Darwin. This has been used as an argument for the almost …

Cucurbitales Rosera Paristales Beraniales Morphobiales Ochnaceae Mesembrianthemum Thossadines Dilleniaceae Aizoaceae Lespedeza Berberis Lindera Podophyllum Hydrastis Rosa Ranunculaceae Magnolia Centrospermae Phylogeny of the Rosales Branch Roederer, 1930. Sympetalae Oleaceae Cistifloras Sileneae Caryophyllaceae Basella Portulacaceae Amaranthus Chenopodiaceae Fagopyrum Polygonum Rhum Primulaceae Nyctaginaceae Plumbaginaceae Utricularia Myrsinaceae Theophrastaceae Prunoideae Pomoidae Rosoidae Potentilla Dryadaceae Ur-rosales Loranthaceae Balanopsidaceae Santalaceae Proteaceae Olacaceae Hippuridaceae Papilionatae Ca …

… American orchids, Southw. Natural. 13, 355-342 (1968), with W. Simon. A Chromosome atlas of the collective genus Rumex, - Cytologia 32:328-342 with B.M. Kapoor. Remarks on the Cytotaxonomy of Mediterranean plants, - Publ.Univ. Sevilla 1969:285-291, with D. Löve. Íslenzk ferdaflora, (Icelandic Excursion flora), - Reykjavík 1970, 428 pages. Cytotaxonomy of Rocky Mountain Ranunculus, - Caryologia 23:575-594, 1970 with B.M. Kapoor. Cytotaxonomy of a century of Rocky Mountain orophytes, - Arctic and Alpine Research 3:139-165, 1976 with D. Löve and B.M. Kapoor. Polyploidié et géobotanique, - Naturaliste Canadien 98:489 …

Det. by Paul C. Standley September, 1940 111 Label copy p. Cell. no. CAPRIFOLIACEAE No. sheets 1134 9929 X Sambucus peruviana HBK. 6 √ 1164 10314 X " peruviana HBK. 1 384 10165 X Viburnum Mathewsi (Oerst.) Kp. & Sm. 3 √ 1167 10338 X " Seemenii Grasbn. 4 √ CARYOPHYLLACEAE 1116 9586 X Arenaria lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb. 8 √ 1165 10325 X " megalantha Williams 6 √ 1537 24906 X Cardionema ramosissima (Weinm.) Nels. & Macbr. 4 √ 1249 10888 X Silene andicola Gill. 6 √ 1627 25374 X " andicola Gill. 4 √ 1162 10308 X " gallica L. 7 √ 1546 24947 X " gallica L. 7 √ 1358 9835 X Stellaria media (L.) Vill. 1 1613 25236 X " nemo …

… elation between ploidy and degree of dioecy, the octoploids being completely dioecious; there is some evidence that the higher polyploidy in this genus has been produced by pre-meiotic reduplication of the chromosomes, which accords with the studies showing genetic segregation of several loci in the manner of autopolyploids (Staudt 1968, Asker 1971). In this regard, it is significant that all the intergeneric hybrids successful between Fragaria and Potentilla have been with species of Pentaphylloides and Drymocallis: the crosses attempted between Fragaria and Potentilla s.s. have all failed (Ellis 1962, Asker 196 …